磨粒的三维表面特征描述

介绍了三维表面粗糙度参数和表面纹理指数,采用三维表面高度偏差Sa、均方根Sq、表面斜度Ssk、表面峭度Sku等粗糙度参数和表面纹理指数Stdi描述磨粒的三维表面特征,选用油液分析获得磨粒,对其表面特征进行实例分析.结果表明,运用上述参数能够很好区分不同类型的磨粒表面特征.     

C/C-SiC复合材料的制备及其湿式摩擦磨损性能研究

采用T700炭纤维针刺毡,经超声振动渗硅、化学气相沉积(CVD)、硅化处理及液相浸渍/炭化新工艺制备SiC呈"岛状"分布的C/C-SiC复合材料,利用偏光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察其微观组织结构并分析其形成机制,在MM-1000型湿式摩擦磨损试验机上研究C/C-SiC复合材料的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:在初始转速恒定的条件下,动摩擦系数随制动比压的增加而逐渐减小;当制动比压恒定时,摩擦系数随初始转速的增加呈现出先增大而后降低的趋势;在本文试验条件下,摩擦系数稳定在0.088～0.126之间;在300次磨损试验后,其磨损量检测值为0.     

离子束增强沉积制备Cr—N薄膜及其摩擦学性能研究

利用离子束增强沉积（ＩＢＥＤ）技术制备了Ｃｒ－Ｎ薄膜，并对不同能量氮离子轰击所制备的薄膜组成进行了Ｘ射线衍射及光电子能谱分析，测定了涂层的断裂性值，并对涂层的摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明：在相同试验条件下，氮离子轰击能量影响Ｃｒ－Ｎ薄膜的相组成及取向，采用低能量氮离子轰击所得到的薄膜具有较高的断裂韧性和优异的耐磨性能。     

Synthesis and surface properties of novel fluorinated polyurethane base on F‐containing chain extender

A novel fluorinated chain extender, (1‐(ethyl(2‐hydroxyethyl)amino)‐3‐ ((3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8‐tridecafluorooctyl)oxy)propan‐2‐ol) (FPO), was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and elemental analysis. Poly (ether urethane)s containing various amounts of the chain extender with fluorinated side chains (FPUs) were prepared by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetra‐methylene‐ether‐glycol (PTMG), 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH‐550), and 1,4‐butandiol (BDO). Films of FPUs were investigated by water absorption, contact angle, pencil hardness, adhesive force, and thermal analysis. Coating FPUs on micro‐nano concave‐convex structure plate realizes superhydrophobic performance. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated that there is a lot of irregular concave‐convex structure, which forms a typical air cushion model. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that surface fluorine content is 165% more than that of film average fluorine content. The superhydrophobic plate with 10% or higher F‐containing FPUs coating is of outstanding chemical corrosion resistance, excellent solvent resistance, and wear resistance.     

摩擦振动信号谐波小波包特征提取

在销-盘摩擦磨损试验机上进行了船用柴油机缸套-活塞环摩擦配副摩擦磨损试验,应用谐波小波包变换分析了不同磨损状态下的摩擦振动信号.结果表明:谐波小波包变换可提取微弱的摩擦振动特征.当磨损机制为轻微的黏着磨损时,摩擦振动信号的频谱以边频为主,没有明显的固有频率,平均幅值小;当磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主时,摩擦振动信号的频谱出现较大峰值的固有频率,但仍存在大量的边频,平均幅值变大;当磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主时,摩擦振动信号频谱的固有频率更加明显,边频显著减弱,平均幅值最大.因此,谐波小波包变换可实现微弱摩擦振动信号的特征提取.     

碳纤维增强纸基摩擦材料磨损机理研究

以碳纤维为主要增强纤维,采用湿法工艺制备出1种纸基摩擦材料.研究了不同制动次数条件下样品的摩擦磨损行为,通过分析不同制动次数后样品磨损表面的粗糙度特征、三维轮廓形貌、微观形貌和热失重过程,探讨了碳纤维增强纸基摩擦材料的磨损机理.结果表明：随着制动次数的增加,磨损表面粗糙度大幅度降低,材料磨损过程经历了从＂跑合磨损＂到＂稳定磨损＂的转变;材料在磨损过程中微凸体逐渐被磨平,孔隙逐渐被填充,表现出疲劳磨损的特征;磨损后样品表层的热重曲线在320～450℃之间出现了新的剧烈失重峰,表明产生了热磨损;但是磨粒磨损的特征并不明显.     

铝板带冷轧过程中磨损影响因素 及磨损作用机制研究

轧后铝材表面磨损量是影响铝材轧制过程的重要因素,脱落的铝粉恶化产品表面质量、影响轧制效率。本文选用不同的添加剂配制轧制油,对铝板材进行冷轧试验,重点研究添加剂种类、铝材原始表面质量、轧制压下率三方面对铝材表面磨损性能及磨损机制的影响。结果表明：双组分添加剂轧制油中油性剂在金属表面吸附成膜,犁削磨损现象较无润滑和纯基础油轧制有明显改善,轧后铝材表面磨损量小;轧件轧前表面粗糙度大,轧辊对轧件微凸体的碾压作用加剧,被碾压下来的大量铝粉成为轧辊和轧件外的“第三体”,造成磨粒磨损加剧;化学磨损和犁削磨损同时存在于轧制过程中,油膜厚度较大时,前者是主要磨损机制;反之,后者起主导作用。     

天然矿物微粉润滑添加剂对钢摩擦副的自修复效应

通过超细研磨的方法制备了1种复合矿物微粉,采用RFT-Ⅲ型往复摩擦试验机评价了其作为润滑油添加剂对钢摩擦副的自修复效应,借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱仪(EDS)及纳米压痕仪(Nano indenter)对磨损表面及截面进行了表征,探讨了其减摩抗磨机理。结果表明：矿物微粉作为润滑油添加剂具有良好的减摩抗磨及自修复性能。其摩擦系数较基础油降低约55.1%,上下试样的磨损率相应地降低了85.7%和97.6%。添加剂与摩擦表面发生了复杂的理化作用,诱发形成了较为连续均匀的多孔氧化膜自修复层,其表面较为光滑平整,厚度约为0.72 um,主要由Fe、C和O元素构成,具有较高的微观力学性能,有效地降低了摩擦副的摩擦磨损。     

Abrasive resistance of arc sprayed carbonitride alloying self-shielded coatings

Wear-resistant coatings were prepared on the surface of the Q235 low-carbon steel plate by HVAS with the carbonitride alloying self-shielded flux-cored wire. Detection and analysis on the microstructure and properties of the coatings were carried out by using scanning electron microscope, microhardness tester and wear tester. The forming, the wear resistance and its mechanism of the coatings were studied. The results show that the coatings have good forming, homogeneous microstructure and compact structure. The coatings have good hardness, the average microhardness value reaches 520 HV_0.1, and the highest value is up to about 560 HV_0.1. As a result, the coatings have good abrasive wear performance and adhesion strength.     

Synthesis, characterization and comparison of sediment electro-codeposited nickel-micro and nano SiC composites

Nickel-silicon carbide composites were produced using 1 μm and 50 nm size powders from a conventional Watt's bath using tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide as the surfactant. Sediment codeposition technique with horizontal electrodes was used. The effect of silicon carbide concentration and bath operating parameters on the volume percents and deposition rates of coatings obtained with the two different particles was studied. Substantial improvements in mechanical properties such as hardness, wear resistance, scratch resistance and roughness were obtained with the nanocomposite material, as compared with composites containing microsized particles.